• 
  - list，列表类型，用于存储一些数据的容器（有序 & 可修改）。【80%】
  - tuple，元组类型，用于存储一些数据的容器（有序 & 不可修改）。【20%】

1.列表(list)

user_list =  ["苍老师","有坂深雪","大桥未久"]
number_list = [98,88,666,12,-1]
data_list = [1,True,"Alex","宝强","贾乃亮"]

 

user_list = []
user_list.append("铁锤")
user_list.append(123)
user_list.append(True)
print(user_list) # ["铁锤",123,True]

 

不可变类型：字符串、布尔、整型（已最小，内部数据无法进行修改）

可变类型：列表（内部数据元素可以修改）

1.2特有功能

name = "alex"
  data = name.upper()
  print(name)
  print(data)

 

  user_list = ["车子","妹子"]
  user_list.append("嫂子")
  
  print(user_list) # ["车子","妹子","嫂子"]

 

1. 追加，在原列表中尾部追加值。

 

   data_list = []
   
   v1 = input("请输入姓名")
   data_list.append(v1)
   
   v2 = input("请输入姓名")
   data_list.append(v2)
   
   print(data_list) # ["david","eric"]

2. 批量追加，将一个列表中的元素逐一添加另外一个列表。

tools = ["搬砖","菜刀","榔头"]
   tools.extend( [11,22,33] ) # weapon中的值逐一追加到tools中
   print(tools) # ["搬砖","菜刀","榔头",11,22,33]

3. 插入，在原列表的指定索引位置插入值

 

user_list = ["苍老师","有坂深雪","大桥未久"]
   user_list.insert(0,"马蓉")
   user_list.insert(2,"李小璐")
   print(user_list)

4. 在原列表中根据值删除（从左到右找到第一个删除）【慎用，里面没有会报错】

user_list = ["王宝强","陈羽凡","Alex","贾乃亮","Alex"]
   user_list.remove("Alex")
   print(user_list)
   
   
   user_list = ["王宝强","陈羽凡","Alex","贾乃亮","Alex"]
   if "Alex" in user_list:
    user_list.remove("Alex")
   print(user_list)
   
   
   user_list = ["王宝强","陈羽凡","Alex","贾乃亮","Alex"]
   while True:
       if "Alex" in user_list:
           user_list.remove("Alex")
    else:
           break
   print(user_list)

5. 在原列表中根据索引踢出某个元素（根据索引位置删除）

user_list = ["王宝强","陈羽凡","Alex","贾乃亮","Alex"]
   #               0       1      2      3       4
   user_list.pop(1)
   print(user_list) #  ["王宝强","Alex","贾乃亮","Alex"]
   
   user_list.pop()
   print(user_list) # ["王宝强","Alex","贾乃亮"]
   
   item = user_list.pop(1)
   print(item) # "Alex"
   print(user_list) # ["王宝强","贾乃亮"]

6. 清空原列表

user_list = ["王宝强","陈羽凡","Alex","贾乃亮","Alex"]
   user_list.clear()
   print(user_list) # []

 

7. 根据值获取索引（从左到右找到第一个删除）【慎用，找不到报错】

 

user_list = ["王宝强","陈羽凡","Alex","贾乃亮","Alex"]
   #               0       1      2       3      4
   if "Alex" in user_list:
    index = user_list.index("Alex")
    print(index) # 2
   else:
       print("不存在")

8. 列表元素排序

 num_list = [11, 22, 4, 5, 11, 99, 88]
   print(num_list)
   num_list.sort()  # 让num_list从小到大排序
   num_list.sort(reverse=True)  # # 让num_list从大到小排序
   print(num_list)

 

9. 反转原列表

user_list = ["王宝强","陈羽凡","Alex","贾乃亮","Alex"]
   user_list.reverse()
   
   print(user_list)

 

1.3 公共功能

1. 相加，两个列表相加获取生成一个新的列表。

data = ["赵四","刘能"] + ["宋晓峰","范德彪"]
   print(data) # ["赵四","刘能","宋晓峰","范德彪"]
   
   v1 = ["赵四","刘能"]
   v2 = ["宋晓峰","范德彪"]
   v3 = v1 + v2
   print(v3) # ["赵四","刘能","宋晓峰","范德彪"]

 

 

 

2. 相乘，列表*整型 将列表中的元素再创建N份并生成一个新的列表。

data = ["赵四","刘能"] * 2
   print(data) # ["赵四","刘能","赵四","刘能"]
   
   v1 = ["赵四","刘能"]
   v2 = v1 * 2
   print(v1) # ["赵四","刘能"]
   print(v2) # ["赵四","刘能","赵四","刘能"]

 

3. 运算符in包含
   由于列表内部是由多个元素组成，可以通过in来判断元素是否在列表中。

 user_list = ["狗子","二蛋","沙雕","alex"] 
   result = "alex" in user_list
   # result = "alex" not in user_list
   print(result) #  True
   
   if "alex" in user_list:
       print("在，把他删除")
       user_list.remove("alex")
   else:
       print("不在")

4. 获取长度

user_list = ["范德彪","刘华强",'尼古拉斯赵四']
   print( len(user_list) )

5. 索引，一个元素的操作

   user_list = ["范德彪","刘华强",'尼古拉斯赵四']
   print( user_list[0] )
   print( user_list[2] )
   print( user_list[3] ) # 报错

 

6. 切片，多个元素的操作（很少用）

 

 user_list = ["范德彪","刘华强",'尼古拉斯赵四']
   
   print( user_list[0:2] ) # ["范德彪","刘华强"]
   print( user_list[1:] )
   print( user_list[:-1] )

 

ser_list = ["范德彪", "刘华强", '尼古拉斯赵四']
   user_list[0:2] = [11, 22, 33, 44]
   print(user_list) # 输出 [11, 22, 33, 44, '尼古拉斯赵四']

7. 步长

user_list = ["范德彪","刘华强",'尼古拉斯赵四',"宋小宝","刘能"]
   #              0        1        2          3       4
   print( user_list[1:4:2] )
   print( user_list[0::2] )
   print( user_list[1::2] )
   print( user_list[4:1:-1] )

8. for循环

user_list = ["范德彪","刘华强",'尼古拉斯赵四',"宋小宝","刘能"]
   for item in user_list:
    print(item)

 
   for index in range( len(user_list) ):
       item = user_index[index]
       print(item)

1.4 转换

data = list(name)  # ["武","沛","齐"]
  print(data)

1.5. 其他

列表属于容器，内部可以存放各种数据，所以他也支持列表的嵌套，如：

data = [ "谢广坤",["海燕","赵本山"],True,[11,22,[999,123],33,44],"宋小宝" ]
print( data[0] ) # "谢广坤"
print( data[1] ) # ["海燕","赵本山"]
print( data[0][2] ) # "坤"
print( data[1][-1] ) # "赵本山"